What actions are considered an offense for a person occupying the seat next to a learner license holder?

When evaluating the actions considered an offense for someone occupying the seat next to a learner license holder, one key factor is the responsibility of the accompanying passenger to ensure a safe environment for learning to drive. Falling asleep or being intoxicated directly impairs the ability of the passenger to provide the needed guidance and support to the learner driver. This inattention can lead to dangerous situations on the road, as the passenger is unable to react or intervene if necessary.

In contrast, encouraging safe driving, providing navigation assistance, and discussing road safety are all proactive actions that promote a safer driving experience for the learner. These behaviors align with the intended purpose of the accompanying passenger, which is to help guide the novice driver through their learning experience while reinforcing safety protocols. Therefore, being intoxicated or falling asleep presents a clear violation of the duty of care expected in this scenario, making it the correct choice for an offense.